README
======

This README discusses issues unique to NuttX configurations for the ST
NucleoL476RG board from ST Micro.  See

  http://www.st.com/nucleo-l476rg

NucleoL476RG:

  Microprocessor: 32-bit ARM Cortex M4 at 80MHz STM32L476RGT6
  Memory:         1024 KB Flash and 96+32 KB SRAM
  ADC:            2×12-bit, 2.4 MSPS A/D converter: up to 24 channels
  DMA:            16-stream DMA controllers with FIFOs and burst support
  Timers:         Up to 11 timers: up to eight 16-bit, two 32-bit timers, two
                  watchdog timers, and a SysTick timer
  GPIO:           Up to 51 I/O ports with interrupt capability
  I2C:            Up to 3 × I2C interfaces
  USARTs:         Up to 3 USARTs, 2 UARTs, 1 LPUART
  SPIs:           Up to 3 SPIs
  SAIs:           Up to 2 dual-channel audio interfaces
  CAN interface
  SDIO interface
  QSPI interface
  USB:            USB 2.0 full-speed device/host/OTG controller with on-chip PHY
  CRC calculation unit
  RTC

Board features:

  Peripherals:    1 led, 1 push button
  Debug:          Serial wire debug and JTAG interfaces
  Expansion I/F   Ardino and Morpho Headers

  Uses a STM32F103 to provide a ST-Link for programming, debug similar to the
  OpenOcd FTDI function - USB to JTAG front-end.

  See http://mbed.org/platforms/ST-Nucleo-L476RG for more
  information about these boards.

Contents
========

  - Nucleo-64 Boards
  - Development Environment
  - GNU Toolchain Options
  - IDEs
  - NuttX EABI "buildroot" Toolchain
  - NXFLAT Toolchain
  - Hardware
    - Button
    - LED
    - USARTs and Serial Consoles
  - LQFP64
  - mbed
  - Shields
  - Other External Hardware/Devices
  - Configurations

Nucleo-64 Boards
================

The Nucleo-L476RG is a member of the Nucleo-64 board family.  The Nucleo-64
is a standard board for use with several STM32 parts in the LQFP64 package.
Variants include

  Order code    Targeted STM32
  ------------- --------------
  NUCLEO-F030R8 STM32F030R8T6
  NUCLEO-F070RB STM32F070RBT6
  NUCLEO-F072RB STM32F072RBT6
  NUCLEO-F091RC STM32F091RCT6
  NUCLEO-F103RB STM32F103RBT6
  NUCLEO-F302R8 STM32F302R8T6
  NUCLEO-F303RE STM32F303RET6
  NUCLEO-F334R8 STM32F334R8T6
  NUCLEO-F401RE STM32F401RET6
  NUCLEO-F410RB STM32F410RBT6
  NUCLEO-F411RE STM32F411RET6
  NUCLEO-F446RE STM32F446RET6
  NUCLEO-L053R8 STM32L053R8T6
  NUCLEO-L073RZ STM32L073RZT6
  NUCLEO-L152RE STM32L152RET6
  NUCLEO-L452RE STM32L452RET6
  NUCLEO-L476RG STM32L476RGT6

Development Environment
=======================

  Either Linux or Cygwin on Windows can be used for the development environment.
  The source has been built only using the GNU toolchain (see below).  Other
  toolchains will likely cause problems.

GNU Toolchain Options
=====================

  Toolchain Configurations
  ------------------------
  The NuttX make system has been modified to support the following different
  toolchain options.

  1. The NuttX buildroot Toolchain (see below), or
  2. Any generic arm-none-eabi GNU toolchain.

  All testing has been conducted using the NuttX Codesourcery toolchain.  To use
  a different toolchain, you simply need to modify the configuration.  As an
  example:

    CONFIG_ARM_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABI : Generic arm-none-eabi toolchain

IDEs
====

  NuttX is built using command-line make.  It can be used with an IDE, but some
  effort will be required to create the project.

  Makefile Build
  --------------
  Under Eclipse, it is pretty easy to set up an "empty makefile project" and
  simply use the NuttX makefile to build the system.  That is almost for free
  under Linux.  Under Windows, you will need to set up the "Cygwin GCC" empty
  makefile project in order to work with Windows (Google for "Eclipse Cygwin" -
  there is a lot of help on the internet).

  Using Sourcery CodeBench from http://www.mentor.com/embedded-software/sourcery-tools/sourcery-codebench/overview
    Download and install the latest version (as of this writing it was
    sourceryg++-2013.05-64-arm-none-eabi)

   Import the  project from git.
     File->import->Git-URI, then import a Exiting code as a Makefile progject
     from the working directory the git clone was done to.

   Select the Sourcery CodeBench for ARM EABI. N.B. You must do one command line
     build, before the make will work in CodeBench.

  Native Build
  ------------
  Here are a few tips before you start that effort:

  1) Select the toolchain that you will be using in your .config file
  2) Start the NuttX build at least one time from the Cygwin command line
     before trying to create your project.  This is necessary to create
     certain auto-generated files and directories that will be needed.
  3) Set up include paths:  You will need include/, arch/arm/src/stm32,
     arch/arm/src/common, arch/arm/src/armv7-m, and sched/.
  4) All assembly files need to have the definition option -D __ASSEMBLY__
     on the command line.

  Startup files will probably cause you some headaches.  The NuttX startup file
  is arch/arm/src/stm32/stm32_vectors.S.  With RIDE, I have to build NuttX
  one time from the Cygwin command line in order to obtain the pre-built
  startup object needed by RIDE.

NuttX EABI "buildroot" Toolchain
================================

  A GNU GCC-based toolchain is assumed.  The PATH environment variable should
  be modified to point to the correct path to the Cortex-M3 GCC toolchain (if
  different from the default in your PATH variable).

  If you have no Cortex-M3 toolchain, one can be downloaded from the NuttX
  Bitbucket download site (https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/buildroot/downloads/).
  This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.

  1. You must have already configured NuttX in <some-dir>/nuttx.

     $ tools/configure.sh nucleo-l476rg:nsh
     $ make qconfig
     $ V=1 make context all 2>&1 | tee mout

  2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>

  3. unpack the buildroot tarball.  The resulting directory may
     have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z.  If so,
     rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.

  4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot

  5. cp boards/cortexm3-eabi-defconfig-4.6.3 .config

  6. make oldconfig

  7. make

  8. Make sure that the PATH variable includes the path to the newly built
     binaries.

  See the file boards/README.txt in the buildroot source tree.  That has more
  details PLUS some special instructions that you will need to follow if you are
  building a Cortex-M3 toolchain for Cygwin under Windows.

  NOTE:  Unfortunately, the 4.6.3 EABI toolchain is not compatible with the
  the NXFLAT tools.  See the top-level TODO file (under "Binary loaders") for
  more information about this problem. If you plan to use NXFLAT, please do not
  use the GCC 4.6.3 EABI toolchain; instead use the GCC 4.3.3 EABI toolchain.

NXFLAT Toolchain
================

  If you are *not* using the NuttX buildroot toolchain and you want to use
  the NXFLAT tools, then you will still have to build a portion of the buildroot
  tools -- just the NXFLAT tools.  The buildroot with the NXFLAT tools can
  be downloaded from the NuttX Bitbucket download site
  (https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/nuttx/downloads/).

  This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.

  1. You must have already configured NuttX in <some-dir>/nuttx.

     tools/configure.sh lpcxpresso-lpc1768:<sub-dir>

  2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>

  3. unpack the buildroot tarball.  The resulting directory may
     have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z.  If so,
     rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.

  4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot

  5. cp boards/cortexm3-defconfig-nxflat .config

  6. make oldconfig

  7. make

  8. Make sure that the PATH variable includes the path to the newly built
     NXFLAT binaries.

mbed
====

  The Nucleo-L476RG includes boot loader from mbed:

    https://mbed.org/platforms/ST-Nucleo-L476RG/
    https://mbed.org/handbook/Homepage

  Using the mbed loader:

  1. Connect the Nucleo-F4x1RE to the host PC using the USB connector.
  2. A new file system will appear called NUCLEO; open it with Windows
     Explorer (assuming that you are using Windows).
  3. Drag and drop nuttx.bin into the MBED window.  This will load the
     nuttx.bin binary into the Nucleo-F4x1RE.  The NUCLEO window will
     close then re-open and the Nucleo-F4x1RE will be running the new code.

Hardware
========

  GPIO
  ----
  SERIAL_TX=PA_2    USER_BUTTON=PC_13
  SERIAL_RX=PA_3    LED1       =PA_5

  A0=PA_0  USART2RX D0=PA_3            D8 =PA_9
  A1=PA_1  USART2TX D1=PA_2            D9 =PC_7
  A2=PA_4           D2=PA_10   WIFI_CS=D10=PB_6 SPI_CS
  A3=PB_0  WIFI_INT=D3=PB_3            D11=PA_7 SPI_MOSI
  A4=PC_1      SDCS=D4=PB_5            D12=PA_6 SPI_MISO
  A5=PC_0   WIFI_EN=D5=PB_4       LED1=D13=PA_5 SPI_SCK
               LED2=D6=PB_10  I2C1_SDA=D14=PB_9 Probe
                    D7=PA_8   I2C1_SCL=D15=PB_8 Probe

  From: https://mbed.org/platforms/ST-Nucleo-L476RG/

  Buttons
  -------
  B1 USER: the user button is connected to the I/O PC13 (pin 2) of the STM32
  microcontroller.

  LEDs
  ----
  The Nucleo L476RG provides a single user LED, LD2.  LD2 is the green LED
  connected to Arduino signal D13 corresponding to MCU I/O PA5 (pin 21) or
  PB13 (pin 34) depending on the STM32target.

    - When the I/O is HIGH value, the LED is on.
    - When the I/O is LOW, the LED is off.

  These LEDs are not used by the board port unless CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS is
  defined.  In that case, the usage by the board port is defined in
  include/board.h and src/sam_leds.c. The LEDs are used to encode OS-related
  events as follows when the red LED (PE24) is available:

    SYMBOL                Meaning                   LD2
    -------------------  -----------------------  -----------
    LED_STARTED          NuttX has been started     OFF
    LED_HEAPALLOCATE     Heap has been allocated    OFF
    LED_IRQSENABLED      Interrupts enabled         OFF
    LED_STACKCREATED     Idle stack created         ON
    LED_INIRQ            In an interrupt            No change
    LED_SIGNAL           In a signal handler        No change
    LED_ASSERTION        An assertion failed        No change
    LED_PANIC            The system has crashed     Blinking
    LED_IDLE             MCU is is sleep mode       Not used

  Thus if LD2, NuttX has successfully booted and is, apparently, running
  normally.  If LD2 is flashing at approximately 2Hz, then a fatal error
  has been detected and the system has halted.

Serial Consoles
===============

  USART1
  ------
  Pins and Connectors:

    RXD: PA11  CN10 pin 14
         PB7   CN7 pin 21
    TXD: PA10  CN9 pin 3, CN10 pin 33
         PB6   CN5 pin 3, CN10 pin 17

  NOTE:  You may need to edit the include/board.h to select different USART1
  pin selections.

  TTL to RS-232 converter connection:

    Nucleo CN10 STM32F4x1RE
    ----------- ------------
    Pin 21 PA9  USART1_RX   *Warning you make need to reverse RX/TX on
    Pin 33 PA10 USART1_TX    some RS-232 converters
    Pin 20 GND
    Pin 8  U5V

  To configure USART1 as the console:

    CONFIG_STM32_USART1=y
    CONFIG_USART1_SERIALDRIVER=y
    CONFIG_USART1_SERIAL_CONSOLE=y
    CONFIG_USART1_RXBUFSIZE=256
    CONFIG_USART1_TXBUFSIZE=256
    CONFIG_USART1_BAUD=115200
    CONFIG_USART1_BITS=8
    CONFIG_USART1_PARITY=0
    CONFIG_USART1_2STOP=0

  USART2
  -----
  Pins and Connectors:

    RXD: PA3   CN9 pin 1 (See SB13, 14, 62, 63). CN10 pin 37
         PD6
    TXD: PA2   CN9 pin 2(See SB13, 14, 62, 63). CN10 pin 35
         PD5

  UART2 is the default in all of these configurations.

  TTL to RS-232 converter connection:

    Nucleo CN9  STM32F4x1RE
    ----------- ------------
    Pin 1  PA3  USART2_RX   *Warning you make need to reverse RX/TX on
    Pin 2  PA2  USART2_TX    some RS-232 converters

  Solder Bridges.  This configuration requires:

  - SB62 and SB63 Closed: PA2 and PA3 on STM32 MCU are connected to D1 and D0
    (pin 7 and pin 8) on Arduino connector CN9 and ST Morpho connector CN10
    as USART signals.  Thus SB13 and SB14 should be OFF.

  - SB13 and SB14 Open:  PA2 and PA3 on STM32F103C8T6 (ST-LINK MCU) are
    disconnected to PA3 and PA2 on STM32 MCU.

  To configure USART2 as the console:

    CONFIG_STM32_USART2=y
    CONFIG_USART2_SERIALDRIVER=y
    CONFIG_USART2_SERIAL_CONSOLE=y
    CONFIG_USART2_RXBUFSIZE=256
    CONFIG_USART2_TXBUFSIZE=256
    CONFIG_USART2_BAUD=115200
    CONFIG_USART2_BITS=8
    CONFIG_USART2_PARITY=0
    CONFIG_USART2_2STOP=0

  USART6
  ------
  Pins and Connectors:

    RXD: PC7    CN5 pin2, CN10 pin 19
         PA12   CN10, pin 12
    TXD: PC6    CN10, pin 4
         PA11   CN10, pin 14

  To configure USART6 as the console:

    CONFIG_STM32_USART6=y
    CONFIG_USART6_SERIALDRIVER=y
    CONFIG_USART6_SERIAL_CONSOLE=y
    CONFIG_USART6_RXBUFSIZE=256
    CONFIG_USART6_TXBUFSIZE=256
    CONFIG_USART6_BAUD=115200
    CONFIG_USART6_BITS=8
    CONFIG_USART6_PARITY=0
    CONFIG_USART6_2STOP=0

  Virtual COM Port
  ----------------
  Yet another option is to use UART2 and the USB virtual COM port.  This
  option may be more convenient for long term development, but is painful
  to use during board bring-up.

  Solder Bridges.  This configuration requires:

  - SB62 and SB63 Open: PA2 and PA3 on STM32 MCU are disconnected to D1
    and D0 (pin 7 and pin 8) on Arduino connector CN9 and ST Morpho
    connector CN10.

  - SB13 and SB14 Closed:  PA2 and PA3 on STM32F103C8T6 (ST-LINK MCU) are
    connected to PA3 and PA2 on STM32 MCU to have USART communication
    between them. Thus SB61, SB62 and SB63 should be OFF.

  Configuring USART2 is the same as given above.

  Question:  What BAUD should be configure to interface with the Virtual
  COM port?  115200 8N1?

  Default
  -------
  As shipped, SB62 and SB63 are open and SB13 and SB14 closed, so the
  virtual COM port is enabled.

Shields
=======

  RS-232 from Cutedigi.com
  ------------------------
  Supports a single RS-232 connected via

    Nucleo CN9  STM32F4x1RE  Cutedigi
    ----------- ------------ --------
    Pin 1  PA3  USART2_RX    RXD
    Pin 2  PA2  USART2_TX    TXD

  Support for this shield is enabled by selecting USART2 and configuring
  SB13, 14, 62, and 63 as described above under "Serial Consoles"

  Itead Joystick Shield
  ---------------------
  See http://imall.iteadstudio.com/im120417014.html for more information
  about this joystick.

  Itead Joystick Connection:

    --------- ----------------- ---------------------------------
    ARDUINO   ITEAD             NUCLEO-F4x1
    PIN NAME  SIGNAL            SIGNAL
    --------- ----------------- ---------------------------------
     D3       Button E Output   PB3
     D4       Button D Output   PB5
     D5       Button C Output   PB4
     D6       Button B Output   PB10
     D7       Button A Output   PA8
     D8       Button F Output   PA9
     D9       Button G Output   PC7
     A0       Joystick Y Output PA0  ADC1_0
     A1       Joystick X Output PA1  ADC1_1
    --------- ----------------- ---------------------------------

    All buttons are pulled on the shield.  A sensed low value indicates
    when the button is pressed.

    NOTE: Button F cannot be used with the default USART1 configuration
    because PA9 is configured for USART1_RX by default.  Use select
    different USART1 pins in the board.h file or select a different
    USART or select CONFIG_NUCLEO_L476RG_AJOY_MINBUTTONS which will
    eliminate all but buttons A, B, and C.

  Itead Joystick Signal interpretation:

    --------- ----------------------- ---------------------------
    BUTTON     TYPE                    NUTTX ALIAS
    --------- ----------------------- ---------------------------
    Button A  Large button A          JUMP/BUTTON 3
    Button B  Large button B          FIRE/BUTTON 2
    Button C  Joystick select button  SELECT/BUTTON 1
    Button D  Tiny Button D           BUTTON 6
    Button E  Tiny Button E           BUTTON 7
    Button F  Large Button F          BUTTON 4
    Button G  Large Button G          BUTTON 5
    --------- ----------------------- ---------------------------

  Itead Joystick configuration settings:

    System Type -> STM32 Peripheral Support
      CONFIG_STM32_ADC1=y              : Enable ADC1 driver support

    Drivers
      CONFIG_ANALOG=y                  : Should be automatically selected
      CONFIG_ADC=y                     : Should be automatically selected
      CONFIG_INPUT=y                   : Select input device support
      CONFIG_INPUT_AJOYSTICK=y         : Select analog joystick support

  There is nothing in the configuration that currently uses the joystick.
  For testing, you can add the following configuration options to enable the
  analog joystick example at apps/examples/ajoystick:

    CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y
    CONFIG_EXAMPLES_AJOYSTICK=y
    CONFIG_EXAMPLES_AJOYSTICK_DEVNAME="/dev/ajoy0"
    CONFIG_EXAMPLES_AJOYSTICK_SIGNO=13

  STATUS:
  2014-12-04:
    - Without ADC DMA support, it is not possible to sample both X and Y
      with a single ADC.  Right now, only one axis is being converted.
    - There is conflicts with some of the Arduino data pins and the
      default USART1 configuration.  I am currently running with USART1
      but with CONFIG_NUCLEO_L476RG_AJOY_MINBUTTONS to eliminate the
      conflict.
    - Current showstopper: I appear to be getting infinite interrupts as
      soon as joystick button interrupts are enabled.

Other External Hardware/Devices
===============================

  Using external SPI SDCard
  -------------------------
  It is possible to use external SDCard over SPI with the
  nucleo-stm32l476rg Cortex-M4. This option will or can broaden the
  functionality in your project, solution or application.

  In this NuttX project we attach an MH-SD Card Module (SPI).
  [http://www.geeetech.com/wiki/index.php/Arduino_SD_card_Module]

  Other solutions should also work.

  Nucleo CN10  STM32L4x6RG
    ----------- ------------
    Pin 31  PB3    SLCK
    Pin 27  PB4    MISO
    Pin 29  PB5    MOSI
    Pin 25  PB10   CS

  Nucleo CN7  STM32L4x6RG
    ----------- ------------
    Pin 18  +5V    5V
    Pin 22  GND    GND

  On the board the pins are labeled and are corresponding with the functions
  as written before.
  Configuring can be done by using ./tools/configure.sh nucleo-l476rg/spimmcsd

Configurations
==============

  nsh:
  ---------
    Configures the NuttShell (nsh) located at apps/examples/nsh for the
    Nucleo-L476RG board.  The Configuration enables the serial interfaces
    on UART2.  Support for builtin applications is enabled, but in the base
    configuration no builtin applications are selected (see NOTES below).

    NOTES:

    1. This configuration uses the mconf-based configuration tool.  To
       change this configuration using that tool, you should:

       a. Build and install the kconfig-mconf tool.  See nuttx/README.txt
          see additional README.txt files in the NuttX tools repository.

       b. Execute 'make menuconfig' in nuttx/ in order to start the
          reconfiguration process.

    2. By default, this configuration uses the ARM EABI toolchain
       for Linux.  That can easily be reconfigured, of course.

       CONFIG_HOST_LINUX=y                     : Builds under Linux
       CONFIG_ARM_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABI=y      : GNU EABI toolchain for Linux

    3. Although the default console is USART2 (which would correspond to
       the Virtual COM port) I have done all testing with the console
       device configured for USART1 (see instruction above under "Serial
       Consoles).  I have been using a TTL-to-RS-232 converter connected
       as shown below:

       Nucleo CN10 STM32F4x1RE
       ----------- ------------
       Pin 21 PA9  USART1_RX   *Warning you make need to reverse RX/TX on
       Pin 33 PA10 USART1_TX    some RS-232 converters
       Pin 20 GND
       Pin 8  U5V

  nxdemo
  --------
    This is an NSH configuration that enables the NX graphics demo at
    apps/examples/nxdemo.  It uses the PCD8544 display on SPI1.
